Biofilm processes have been known to the wastewater industry since the early days. One of the most common application was the trickling filter, which showed reliable operation. However, in the light of more stringent effluent standards and requirements for nutrient removal trickling filters could not always give the desired performance when compared to modern biological treatment processes such as activated sludge. The principle of providing large surface areas for the growth of micro-organisms has been taken up again in the new generation of submerged fixed beds. The technology is applied on a full-scale basis now and several process designs have been developed and patented.

Submerged fixed beds are particularly suited for pre-treatment of industrial effluents and small WWTP?s, especially if the inflow is subject to high seasonal fluctuations.



Auteur: --
Herkomst: Stowa Selected Technologies: fact sheets
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